Green Synthesized Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Increased Oxidative Stress and Induced Cell Death in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells.
Cristina BidianGabriela Adriana FilipLuminița DavidBianca Elena MoldovanElena Diana OlteanuSimona Valeria ClichiciMaria-Cristina Olănescu-Vaida-VoevodCristian LeosteanSergiu MacaveiDana-Maria MunteanMihai CenariuAdriana AlbuIoana BâldeaPublished in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
The research investigated the effect of gold (Au-CM) and silver nanoparticles (Ag-CM) phytoreduced with Cornus mas fruit extract (CM) on a human colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) cell line. The impact of nanoparticles on the viability of DLD-1 tumor cells and normal cells was evaluated. Oxidative stress and cell death mechanisms (annexin/propidium iodide analysis, caspase-3 and caspase-8 levels, p53, BCL-2, BAX, NFkB expressions) as well as proliferation markers (Ki-67, PCNA and MAPK) were evaluated in tumor cells. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by measuring zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index (PDI). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses were also performed. The nanoparticles induced apoptosis and necrosis of DLD-1 cells and reduced cell proliferation, especially Ag-CM, while on normal cells, both nanoparticles maintained their viability up to 80%. Ag-CM and Au-CM increased the expressions of p53 and NFkB in parallel with the downregulation of BCL-2 protein and induced the activation of caspase-8, suggesting the involvement of apoptosis in cell death. Lipid peroxidation triggered by Ag-CM was correlated with tumor cell necrosis rate. Both nanoparticles obtained with phytocompounds from the CM extract protected normal cells and induced the death of DLD-1 tumor cells, especially by apoptosis.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- oxidative stress
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell death
- cell cycle arrest
- signaling pathway
- diabetic rats
- silver nanoparticles
- pi k akt
- cell proliferation
- dna damage
- high resolution
- stem cells
- highly efficient
- magnetic resonance
- squamous cell carcinoma
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- endothelial cells
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- climate change
- risk assessment
- quantum dots
- electron microscopy
- high glucose
- mass spectrometry
- heat shock
- rectal cancer
- binding protein
- tandem mass spectrometry
- reduced graphene oxide
- heat stress