Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of Eu 3+ incorporated with CaB 4 O 7 phosphors prepared by solution-combustion process.

The solution-combustion approach was used to create CaB 4 O 7 :Eu 3+ phosphors using Ba (NO 3 ) 2 , Eu (NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O, H 3 BO 3 , NH 3 (ON)H 2 , and NH 4 NO 3 as source materials. We investigated the thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of beta (β)-irradiated CaB 4 O 7 :Eu 3+ . When the TL intensity was evaluated at different dosages of β, it rose with the dose. Changes in peak temperature were observed because of the investigation of the effects of varying heating rates on TL glow curves. Moreover, the positions of the peak temperature and the TL intensity did not change when the same sample was measured again, suggesting that the sample was stable. Additionally, the study calculated several kinetic parameters, including activation energy (E), frequency factor (s), and geometrical factor (μg), for distinct TL glow curves. Through geometric analysis of TL glow peaks, the study determined activation energies and kinetic orders, enabling the calculation of the frequency factor. The findings highlight the suitability of the prepared phosphor for dosimetry and provide insights into trap characteristics crucial for continuous illumination at room temperature. The study also emphasises the importance of optimising trap depth for prolonged afterglow, shedding light on the interplay between trap energies and luminescence characteristics. These findings deepen our comprehension of phosphor behavior and open the door to better dosimetry applications.