Low density granulocytes and neutrophil extracellular trap formation are increased in incomplete systemic lupus erythematosus.

These results show that neutrophil dysfunction, including higher proportions of LDGs, and increased NET formation, already occur in iSLE, similar to SLE, despite differences in disease manifestations. Thereby, neutrophil dysfunction may contribute to sustained exposure to autoantigens and autoreactivity in early stages of SLE.