Hydrophilic titanium surface-induced macrophage modulation promotes pro-osteogenic signalling.
Stephen M HamletRyan S B LeeHo-Jin MoonMohammed A AlfarsiSašo IvanovskiPublished in: Clinical oral implants research (2019)
Macrophages are able to alter or switch their phenotype according to the signals received from the biomaterial surface. A hydrophilic micro-rough titanium surface topography elicits a macrophage phenotype associated with reduced inflammation and enhanced pro-osteogenic signalling.