In Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COPD, Tobacco Smoking, and Not COPD, Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Comorbidity.

Tobacco smoking (but not COPD) is associated with higher frequency of cardiovascular comorbidities. By contrast, being a dairy farmer exposed to organic dusts is associated with a lower frequency of the same comorbidities. This reinforces the crucial need for controlling established cardiovascular risk factors even in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD.