Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay performed in 0 and 2 Gy irradiated whole blood and isolated PBMCs in a six-well transwell co-culture system.

Instead of the hypothesized decrease in NDI and increase in MN frequency, our co-culture set-up showed that in the absence of direct cell-cell interaction, soluble factors in WB increased NDI but not MN frequency in PBMCs. Moreover, radiation-induced bystander effects could not be observed. As the type of cell culture (WB, PBMC) and culture vessels could influence NDI and MN frequency, CBMN culture protocols should be kept consistent for dose-response calibration curve construction and dose estimation.