Asymmetric induction in quadruple-stranded europium(III) helicates and circularly polarized luminescence.

Chiral supramolecular lanthanide-helicates are regarded as promising chiroptical materials due to their combination of ground and excited state chirality and special luminescence properties from Ln 3+ , named circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). However, the sophisticated and costly asymmetric syntheses decelerate their research progress. Herein, a chiral induction strategy is employed to break the racemic equilibrium of lanthanide helicate by the formation of a compact ion pair. The synthesized chiral guanidine cation (( R / S )-HG) helps to effectively transfer chirality to anionic quadruple-stranded helicate by electrostatic, H bonds, and multiple C-H⋯F and N-H⋯F interactions. The diastereoselective control was confirmed by X-ray crystallography and CD and CPL spectroscopy, where ( S )-HG prefers to bind a P (ΔΔ) helical enantiomer, in contrast a M helicate for ( R )-HG. Additionally, the inconsistency of CD and CPL spectra in assessing the perturbation of a racemic equilibrium discloses their complementary advantages on monitoring molecular chirality. In the case of diastereomeric enrichment equilibrium, three pairs of helicates show high luminescence quantum yields of 42%-54%, and large | g lum | with the values of 0.137-0.266. This work provides an effective strategy to synthesize excellent CPL materials based on racemic lanthanide helicate.