Targeting AMPK signaling pathway by natural products for treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
Tanuj JoshiAmit Kumar SinghPouya HaratipourArchana Negi SahAbhay K PandeyRozita NaseriVijay JuyalMohammad Hussein FarzaeiPublished in: Journal of cellular physiology (2019)
Diabetes affects a large population of the world. Lifestyle, obesity, dietary habits, and genetic factors contribute to this metabolic disease. A target pathway to control diabetes is the 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. AMPK is a heterotrimeric protein with α, β, and γ subunits. In several studies, AMPK activation enhanced glucose uptake into cells and inhibited intracellular glucose production. Impairment of AMPK activity is present in diabetes, according to some studies. Drugs used in the treatment of diabetes, such as metformin, are also known to act through regulation of AMPK. Thus, drugs that activate and regulate AMPK are potential candidates for the treatment of diabetes. In addition, many patients encounter important adverse effects, like hypoglycemia, while using allopathic drugs. As a result, the investigation of plant-derived natural drugs that lack adverse side effects and treat diabetes is necessary. Natural products like berberine, quercetin, resveratrol, and so forth have shown significant potential in regulating and activating the AMPK pathway which can lead to manage diabetes mellitus and its complications.
Keyphrases
- protein kinase
- type diabetes
- glycemic control
- cardiovascular disease
- skeletal muscle
- signaling pathway
- blood glucose
- induced apoptosis
- weight loss
- ejection fraction
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- combination therapy
- emergency department
- risk factors
- risk assessment
- physical activity
- blood pressure
- cell death
- body mass index
- chronic kidney disease
- reactive oxygen species
- replacement therapy
- drug induced
- amino acid