Micro RNAs in Tfh regulation: Small molecules with a big impact.
Afonso P BastoLuís GraçaPublished in: European journal of immunology (2021)
The germinal center (GC) reactions are critical for the production of high-affinity antibodies that comprise the protective humoral response elicited by infection or vaccination. GCs are initiated through the interaction of B cells with T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. While the transcriptional regulation of Tfh differentiation has been studied in great detail, the impact of micro RNAs (miRNAs) on Tfh development and stability has been harder to address. It was previously shown that a complete deletion of miRNAs biogenesis prevents Tfh differentiation. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology [Eur. J. Immunol. 2021. 51: 408-413], Zeiträg et al. use an inducible gene deletion approach to reveal that miRNAs are also required for the maintenance of Tfh cells induced following viral infection in mice. These results provide new clues to the regulation of GC responses through Tfh and T follicular regulatory cells.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- cell cycle arrest
- immune response
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell death
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- type diabetes
- high glucose
- regulatory t cells
- transcription factor
- endothelial cells
- mouse model
- skeletal muscle
- artificial intelligence
- high resolution
- single cell
- metabolic syndrome
- deep learning
- insulin resistance
- stress induced
- simultaneous determination