Applications of computational fluid dynamics to congenital heart diseases: a practical review for cardiovascular professionals.
Gianluca RigatelliClaudio ChiastraGiancarlo PennatiGabriele DubiniFrancesco MigliavaccaMarco ZuinPublished in: Expert review of cardiovascular therapy (2021)
CFD is a mathematical technique that quantifies and describes the characteristics of fluid flow using the laws of physics. Through dedicated software based on virtual reconstruction and simulation and patients' real data coming from computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and 3/4 D-ultrasound, reconstruction of models of circulation of most CHD can be accomplished. CFD can provide insights about the pathophysiology of coronary artery anomalies, interatrial shunts, coarctation of the aorta and aortic bicuspid valve, tetralogy of Fallot and univentricular heart, with the capability in some cases of simulating different types of surgical or interventional repair and tailoring the treatment on the basis of these findings.
Keyphrases
- magnetic resonance imaging
- computed tomography
- aortic valve
- coronary artery
- pulmonary artery
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- aortic stenosis
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- heart failure
- contrast enhanced
- positron emission tomography
- prognostic factors
- machine learning
- left ventricular
- atrial fibrillation
- magnetic resonance
- coronary artery disease
- data analysis
- patient reported outcomes
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- ultrasound guided
- artificial intelligence
- virtual reality