Relationships of Self-reported Opioid Use and Misuse and Pain Severity With Probable Major Depression Among Participants With Spinal Cord Injury.

James S KrauseClara E Dismuke-GreerNicole D DiPiroJillian M R ClarkJon Laursen-Roesler

Published in: Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation (2024)

The relation between pain intensity with depressive symptom severity and PMD was profound, consistent with the biopsychosocial model of pain. The greater risk of PMD and higher depressive symptom severity among those using opioids and misusing opioids raises further concern about long-term prescription opioid use. Alternative treatments are needed.

Keyphrases

chronic pain
pain management
neuropathic pain
bipolar disorder
intellectual disability
spinal cord
spinal cord injury
autism spectrum disorder
postoperative pain