Breast cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide. Diabetes is an important chronic health problem associated with insulin resistance, increased insulin level, changes in growth hormones and factors, and activation of mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, leading to an increased breast cancer risk. This paper looked at the epidemiologic studies of the association between type 2 diabetes and risk of breast cancer and its effect on overall cancer-specific survival. The combined evidence overall supported a modest association between type 2 diabetes and the risk of breast cancer, which was found to be more prevalent among postmenopausal women. Effect of oral diabetics and insulin therapy on breast cancer risk was also evaluated. It was found that metformin and thiazolidinones tended to have a protective role. Metformin therapy trials for its use as an adjuvant for breast cancer treatment are still ongoing. Sulfonylurea and insulin therapy were found to be mildly associated with increased overall cancers. No evidence or studies evaluated the association of DPPIV inhibitors and GLP 1 agonists with breast cancer risk because of their recent introduction into the management of diabetes.
Keyphrases
- breast cancer risk
- type diabetes
- glycemic control
- insulin resistance
- postmenopausal women
- protein kinase
- cardiovascular disease
- signaling pathway
- public health
- adipose tissue
- early stage
- stem cells
- mental health
- bone mineral density
- weight loss
- immune response
- risk assessment
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- oxidative stress
- childhood cancer
- wound healing
- social media
- free survival