Engineering Sub-Nanometer Channels in Two-Dimensional Materials for Membrane Gas Separation.

Sub-nanochannels constructed by stacking two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets in parallel provide a unique molecular separation pathway with excellent size-sieving ability for membrane gas separation. Herein we review the progress in engineering these 2D channels for efficient gas separation including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), and MXene. Mixed matrix materials containing these 2D materials in polymers are also reviewed and compared with conventional polymers for gas separation.