Anterior-To-Psoas Approach Measurements, Feasibility, Non-Neurological Structures at Risk and Influencing Factors: A Bilateral Analysis From L1-L5 Using Computed Tomography Imaging.

This study reports characteristics of the ATP approach including approach measurements, feasibility, non-neurological structures at risk, and influencing factors to approach measurements. While incision line measurements are larger for male patients compared with female patients at the lower lumbar levels, safe window sizes are similar across all levels L1-L5. The kidneys, ribs, spleen, and liver are potential at-risk structures during the ATP approach, although the iliac crests pose limited concern for ATP technique. Patient characteristics such as age, height, weight, and BMI do not markedly affect ATP approach considerations.