Trajectory of Damage Accrual in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Factors.

The linear increase in damage in both ethnicities over time is of particular concern. African American patients accrued more damage at a faster rate compared to White patients. For a few organs, higher rates of damage in African American patients was partially explained by socioeconomic differences, whereas for most organs, the difference persisted after adjustment for these factors.