The Role of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in Myeloproliferative and Lymphoproliferative Diseases: Comparison between DIESSE CUBE 30 TOUCH and Alifax Test 1.

(1) Background: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is widely diffused in hematology laboratories to monitor inflammatory statuses, response to therapies (such as antibiotics), and oncologic diseases. However, ESR is not a specific diagnostic marker but needs to be contextualized and compared with clinical and other laboratory findings. This study aimed to investigate the performance of two automated instruments, namely the DIESSE CUBE 30 TOUCH (DIESSE, Siena, Italy) and the Alifax Test 1 (Alifax Srl, Polverara, Italy), in comparison with the gold standard, the Westergren method, in lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative patients. (2) Methods: 97 EDTA samples were selected from the hematology department of Roma Tor Vergata Hospital and analyzed. Statistical analysis was applied. (3) A good correlation between CUBE 30 TOUCH and the gold standard was observed in the overall sample (R 2 = 0.90), as well as in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases (R 2 = 0.90) and myeloproliferative diseases (R 2 = 0.90). The correlation between Test 1 and the gold standard was observed in the overall sample (R 2 = 0.68), as well as in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases (R 2 = 0.79) and myeloproliferative diseases (R 2 = 0.53). (4) Conclusions: The CUBE 30 TOUCH appears to be a more trustworthy tool for evaluating ESR in these pathologies.