A longitudinal analysis of the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and cognitive function among adults aged 45 and over in China.

Our findings are mixed and suggest that some categories of higher and longer exposure to PM2.5 are associated with poorer cognitive function, while that exposures do not hasten cognitive decline. However, more work is necessary to disentangle PM2.5 exposure from individuals' background characteristics, particularly those jointly associated with cognitive function and urban living.