Ocular Changes and Tear Cytokines in Individuals with Low Serum Vitamin D Levels: A Cross-Sectional, Controlled Study.

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is associated with ocular surface changes shown with significant TBUT, LG staining, and tear film cytokine contents. Besides, significant corneal basal epithelial, sub-basal nerve density, and structural sub-basal nerve changes were associated with lower Vitamin D levels.