Effect and quality of couple-based interventions of middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a scoping review.

Couple-based interventions for patients with T2DM showed small effects on the couple's distress while the effects of other outcomes were inconclusive. Future studies should strengthen methodologies by using standard measures of core diabetic outcomes, including detailed assessments of implementation process, and taking a dyadic approach to systematically examine the effects.