Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome refractory to conventional therapy: a single-arm and open-labelled multicentre clinical trial.

Our clinical trial could not demonstrate the efficacy of IVIG-only add-on therapy at improving the pregnancy outcomes of patients with obstetric APS refractory to conventional treatment. However, the combination of IVIG with rituximab or statins adding to conventional treatment improved pregnancy outcomes and resulted in more live births. Further studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of multi-targeted therapy to treat obstetric refractory APS.