Advances in the Detection of Dithiocarbamate Fungicides: Opportunities for Biosensors.
Pablo Fanjul-BoladoRonen FogelJanice LimsonCristina PurcareaAlina VasilescuPublished in: Biosensors (2020)
Dithiocarbamate fungicides (DTFs) are widely used to control various fungal diseases in crops and ornamental plants. Maximum residual limits in the order of ppb-ppm are currently imposed by legislation to prevent toxicity problems associated with excessive use of DTFs. The specific analytical determination of DTFs is complicated by their low solubility in water and organic solvents. This review summarizes the current analytical procedures used for the analysis of DTF, including chromatography, spectroscopy, and sensor-based methods and discusses the challenges related to selectivity, sensitivity, and sample preparation. Biosensors based on enzymatic inhibition demonstrated potential as analytical tools for DTFs and warrant further research, considering novel enzymes from extremophilic sources. Meanwhile, Raman spectroscopy and various sensors appear very promising, provided the selectivity issues are solved.
Keyphrases
- raman spectroscopy
- liquid chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- label free
- molecularly imprinted
- solid phase extraction
- mental health
- tandem mass spectrometry
- high resolution
- oxidative stress
- hydrogen peroxide
- single molecule
- high speed
- high performance liquid chromatography
- physical activity
- nitric oxide
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- body mass index
- weight loss