The Immunomodulatory Effect of Various Anaesthetic Practices in Patients Undergoing Gastric or Colon Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

cell levels in gastric or colon surgery patients. However, the specific impact of TIVA or volatile-based anaesthesia remains uncertain. To gain a better understanding of the immunomodulatory effects of anaesthesia, in this particular group of cancer patients, further well-designed trials are required.