Respiratory Patterns in Neurological Injury, Pathophysiology, Ventilation Management, and Future Innovations: A Systematic Review.
Matthew GoldmanBrandon P Lucke-WoldJason KatzBavly DawoudAbeer DagraPublished in: Exploratory research and hypothesis in medicine (2022)
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI), ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, brain tumors, and seizures have diverse and sometimes overlapping associated breathing patterns. Homeostatic mechanisms for respiratory control are intertwined with complex neurocircuitry, both centrally and peripherally. This paper summarizes the neurorespiratory control and pathophysiology of its disruption. It also reviews the clinical presentation, ventilatory management, and emerging therapeutics. This review additionally serves to update all recent preclinical and clinical research regarding the spectrum of respiratory dysfunction. Having a solid pathophysiological foundation of disruptive mechanisms would permit further therapeutic development. This novel review bridges experimental/physiological data with bedside management, thus allowing neurosurgeons and intensivists alike to rapidly diagnose and treat respiratory sequelae of acute brain injury.
Keyphrases
- brain injury
- cerebral ischemia
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- atrial fibrillation
- respiratory failure
- respiratory tract
- traumatic brain injury
- liver failure
- spinal cord injury
- stem cells
- electronic health record
- intensive care unit
- small molecule
- cell therapy
- functional connectivity
- severe traumatic brain injury
- aortic dissection
- acute respiratory distress syndrome