Cytokine Gene Expression Profiles during HIV and Helminth Coinfection in Underprivileged Peri-Urban South African Adults.
Miranda N Mpaka-MbathaPragalathan NaidooKhethiwe Nomcebo BhenguMd Mazharul IslamRavesh SinghNomzamo Nembe-MafaZilungile Lynette Mkhize-KwitshanaPublished in: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
The coinfected group had higher proinflammatory Th1- and Th17-related cytokine gene expression profiles compared to the uninfected controls. The findings suggest that pro-inflammatory responses are elevated during coinfection, which supports the hypothesis that helminths have a deleterious effect on HIV immune responses.