A single-molecule assessment of the protective effect of DMSO against DNA double-strand breaks induced by photo-and γ-ray-irradiation, and freezing.
Masami NodaYue MaYuko YoshikawaTadayuki ImanakaToshiaki MoriMasakazu FurutaTatsuaki TsuruyamaKenichi YoshikawaPublished in: Scientific reports (2017)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used as a cryoprotectant for organs, tissues, and cell suspension in storage. In addition, DMSO is known to be a useful free radical scavenger and a radio-protectant. To date, many in vitro assays using cultured cells have been performed for analysing the protective effect of DMSO against genomic DNA damage; however, currently it has been rather difficult to detect DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in a quantitative manner. In the present study, we aimed to observe the extent of DNA damage by use of single molecular observation with a fluorescence microscope to evaluate DSBs induced by photo- and γ-ray-irradiation, or freeze/thawing in variable concentrations of DMSO. As a result, we found that 2% DMSO conferred the maximum protective effect against all of the injury sources tested, and these effects were maintained at higher concentrations. Further, DMSO showed a significantly higher protective effect against freezing-induced damage than against photo- and γ-ray-irradiation-induced damage. Our study provides significant data for the optimization of DNA cryopreservation with DMSO, as well as for the usage of DNA as the protective agent against the injuries caused by active oxygen and radiations.
Keyphrases
- single molecule
- dna damage
- oxidative stress
- circulating tumor
- atomic force microscopy
- living cells
- cell free
- diabetic rats
- high glucose
- induced apoptosis
- stem cells
- endothelial cells
- gene expression
- high throughput
- machine learning
- deep learning
- copy number
- bone marrow
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- mass spectrometry
- single cell
- data analysis
- signaling pathway