Understanding how the concentration of neighborhood advantage and disadvantage affects spina bifida risk among births to non-Hispanic white and Hispanic women, Texas, 1999-2014.

Findings suggest spina bifida risk is associated with neighborhood disadvantage or advantage, and that relationship seems to vary by race-ethnicity. The varied associations between ICE measures and spina bifida by race/ethnicity highlights the importance of using targeted interventions in the prevention of spina bifida.