Metaflammation in obesity and its therapeutic targeting.
Michael W SchlehHeather L CaslinJamie N GarciaMona MashayekhiGitanjali SrivastavaAnna B BradleyAlyssa H HastyPublished in: Science translational medicine (2023)
Obesity-associated inflammation is a systemic process that affects all metabolic organs. Prominent among these is adipose tissue, where cells of the innate and adaptive immune system are markedly changed in obesity, implicating these cells in a range of processes linking immune memory to metabolic regulation. Furthermore, weight loss and weight cycling have unexpected effects on adipose tissue immune populations. Here, we review the current literature on the roles of various immune cells in lean and obese adipose tissue. Within this context, we discuss pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to obesity treatment and their impact on systemic inflammation.
Keyphrases
- weight loss
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- bariatric surgery
- metabolic syndrome
- roux en y gastric bypass
- induced apoptosis
- gastric bypass
- high fat diet induced
- weight gain
- high fat diet
- type diabetes
- immune response
- cell cycle arrest
- glycemic control
- skeletal muscle
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- body mass index
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- obese patients
- bone mineral density
- working memory
- body composition
- body weight
- replacement therapy