Thorium and fetal neural tube defects: an epidemiological evidence from large case-control study.

Bin WangYiming PangYali ZhangLe ZhangRongwei YeLailai YanZhiwen LiAiguo Ren

Published in: Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (2021)

Overall, our findings revealed that maternal periconceptional thorium exposure was associated with the risk of NTDs in North China. Reducing the coal usage in the household cooking activities may decrease maternal thorium exposure level.

Keyphrases

birth weight
pregnancy outcomes
heavy metals
pregnant women
tertiary care
body mass index
weight loss