Dynamic seasonal changes in photosynthesis systems in leaves of Asarum tamaense, an evergreen understorey herbaceous species.

In A. tamaense leaves, the increase in the photosynthetic electron transport rates in winter was not due to the increase in photosynthetic enzyme contents, but due to the activation of photosynthetic enzymes and/or release of limitation of photosynthetic electron flow. Not only these seasonal changes in the regulation of electron transport but also the changes in several photoprotection systems should support the acclimation of photosynthetic C gain under dynamic environmental changes throughout the year.