TNF-α Increase in a Cohort of Depressive Patients.

As TNF-α was increased at time point 2 in the psychotherapeutic unit but not in patients of the psychiatric day care unit, we propose the different durations of pretreatments in both cohorts and the associated processes of neuroinflammation as a possible explanation for our results. The lack of information about the time course of TNF-α in depression could in general explain the huge variety of TNF-α levels in different cohorts of depressed patients reported in the literature.