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Synthesis of Nano-Structured Conjugated Polymers with Multiple Micro-/Meso-Pores by the Post-Crosslinking of End-Functionalized Hyperbranched Conjugated Polymers.

Zhenfeng LiangHui Liang
Published in: Polymers (2024)
A nano-structured conjugated polymer with multiple micro-/meso-pores was synthesized by post-crosslinking of an end-functionalized hyperbranched conjugated prepolymer. Firstly, an AB 2 monomer 3-((3,5-dibromo-4-(octyloxy)phenyl)ethynyl)-6-ethynyl-9-octyl-9H-carbazole (PECz) was synthesized and polymerized by Sonogashira reaction to give the -Br end-functionalized hyperbranched conjugated prepolymer hb -PPECz. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of hb -PPECz were investigated. The λ max of absorption and emission of hb -PPECz in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution was 313 and 483 nm, respectively. The optical energy bandgap, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of hb -PPECz were 2.98, -5.81, and -2.83 eV, respectively. Then, the prepolymer hb -PPECz was post-crosslinked by Heck reaction with divinylbenzene to give the porous conjugated polymer c -PPECz. The effects of hb -PPECz concentration and added dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K-30) on the morphology and porosity of c -PPECz were investigated. The resulting c -PPECzs showed multiple porous structures mainly constructed by micropores and mesopores. Under a higher hb -PPECz concentration (4 wt/v%), a bulky gel product was obtained. Under lower hb -PPECz concentrations (0.6 wt/v%~2 wt/v%), the resulting c -PPECzs were mainly composed of nano-sized particles. Nearly spheric nanoparticles (200~300 nm) ( c -PPECz-5) were obtained under the concentration of 1 wt/v% in the presence of PVP (10 wt% of hb -PPECz). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, pore volume, average pore size, and percentage of pore size below 10 nm of c -PPECz-5 were 10.7781 m 2 ·g -1 , 0.0108 cm 3 ·g -1 , 4.0081 nm, and 94.47%, respectively.
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