[Modern approaches to the genetics of depression: scopes and limitations].

Recent findings in candidate genes for depression showed significant replication failures and thus appeared irrelevant. Much of the earlier studies' limitations can be overcome by the strategy of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which aims to identify associations between different genomic variants and phenotypic traits without pathophysiological hypotheses application. With the use of such studies, it seems possible to calculate polygenic risk scores (PRS) as a promising approach for predicting depression risk. The aim of this review is to analyze modern approaches of genetic research used to assess the risk of depression in a population.