Single-frame 3D fluorescence microscopy with ultraminiature lensless FlatScope.
Jesse K AdamsVivek BoominathanBenjamin W AvantsDaniel G VercosaFan YeRichard G BaraniukJacob T RobinsonAshok VeeraraghavanPublished in: Science advances (2017)
Modern biology increasingly relies on fluorescence microscopy, which is driving demand for smaller, lighter, and cheaper microscopes. However, traditional microscope architectures suffer from a fundamental trade-off: As lenses become smaller, they must either collect less light or image a smaller field of view. To break this fundamental trade-off between device size and performance, we present a new concept for three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence imaging that replaces lenses with an optimized amplitude mask placed a few hundred micrometers above the sensor and an efficient algorithm that can convert a single frame of captured sensor data into high-resolution 3D images. The result is FlatScope: perhaps the world's tiniest and lightest microscope. FlatScope is a lensless microscope that is scarcely larger than an image sensor (roughly 0.2 g in weight and less than 1 mm thick) and yet able to produce micrometer-resolution, high-frame rate, 3D fluorescence movies covering a total volume of several cubic millimeters. The ability of FlatScope to reconstruct full 3D images from a single frame of captured sensor data allows us to image 3D volumes roughly 40,000 times faster than a laser scanning confocal microscope while providing comparable resolution. We envision that this new flat fluorescence microscopy paradigm will lead to implantable endoscopes that minimize tissue damage, arrays of imagers that cover large areas, and bendable, flexible microscopes that conform to complex topographies.
Keyphrases
- single molecule
- deep learning
- high resolution
- fluorescence imaging
- optical coherence tomography
- convolutional neural network
- high speed
- artificial intelligence
- machine learning
- electronic health record
- energy transfer
- physical activity
- weight loss
- high throughput
- mass spectrometry
- resting state
- functional connectivity
- obstructive sleep apnea
- weight gain
- quantum dots
- single cell
- electron microscopy