Nickel-Catalyzed Addition of Aryl Bromides to Aldehydes To Form Hindered Secondary Alcohols.

Transition-metal-catalyzed addition of aryl halides across carbonyls remains poorly developed, especially for aliphatic aldehydes and hindered substrate combinations. We report here that simple nickel complexes of bipyridine and PyBox can catalyze the addition of aryl halides to both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes using zinc metal as the reducing agent. This convenient approach tolerates acidic functional groups that are not compatible with Grignard reactions, yet sterically hindered substrates still couple in high yield (33 examples, 70% average yield). Mechanistic studies show that an arylnickel, and not an arylzinc, adds efficiently to cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde, but only in the presence of a Lewis acid co-catalyst (ZnBr2).