Almond by-product composition impacts the rearing of black soldier fly larvae and quality of the spent substrate as a soil amendment.

The findings demonstrate that by-product composition has a significant impact on larvae growth and the properties of the spent substrate, and that spent substrate from larvae rearing requires further stabilization before application as a soil amendment. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.