Neuroblastoma-A Review of Combination Immunotherapy.
Barbara PieniążekKatarzyna CencelewiczPatrycja BździuchŁukasz MłynarczykMonika LejmanJoanna ZawitkowskaKatarzyna DerwichPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2024)
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor found in childhood and is responsible for 15% of deaths among children with cancer. Although multimodal therapies focused on surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplants have favorable results in many cases, the use of conventional therapies has probably reached the limit their possibility. Almost half of the patients with neuroblastoma belong to the high-risk group. Patients in this group require a combination of several therapeutic approaches. It has been shown that various immunotherapies combined with conventional methods can work synergistically. Due to the development of such therapeutic methods, we present combinations and forms of combining immunotherapy, focusing on their mechanisms and benefits but also their limitations and potential side effects.
Keyphrases
- stem cells
- end stage renal disease
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- locally advanced
- minimally invasive
- ejection fraction
- early stage
- young adults
- prognostic factors
- papillary thyroid
- radiation therapy
- coronary artery bypass
- childhood cancer
- radiation induced
- squamous cell carcinoma
- pain management
- climate change
- mesenchymal stem cells
- risk assessment
- early life
- human health
- middle cerebral artery
- patient reported