The association of dietary inflammatory index with urinary risk factors of kidney stones formation in men with nephrolithiasis.

Of 264 participants, 61.4% (n = 162), 72% (n = 190), 74.6% (n = 197), 68.6% (n = 181), and 80.3% (n = 212) had hyperoxaluria, hypercreatininuria, hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria, hypocitraturia, respectively. There was a significant increasing trajectory in urinary calcium, uric acid, and creatinine as well as a decreasing trend in urinary citrate across tertiles of DII score (all P = ≤0.001). After multivariate adjustment for energy intake, age, physical activity and body mass index, high DII scores were associated with elevated odds of having hypercreatininuria (OR = 2.80, 95%CI: 1.10-7.12, Ptrend = 0.04), hypercalciuria (OR = 7.44, 95%CI: 2.62-21.14, Ptrend ≤ 0.001), hyperuricosuria (OR = 2.22, 95%CI: 1.001-4.95, Ptrend = 0.05), and hypocitraturia (OR = 5.84, 95%CI: 2.14-15.91, Ptrend ≤ 0.001). No association was identified between DII and hyperoxaluria.