Focused ultrasound of the caudal vena cava in dogs with cavitary effusions or congestive heart failure: A prospective, observational study.
Yen-Yu ChouJessica L WardLara Z BarronShane D MurphyMelissa A TropfGregory R LisciandroLingnan YuanJonathan P MochelTeresa C DeFrancescoPublished in: PloS one (2021)
Ultrasonographic indices of CVC size and collapsibility differed between dogs with R-CHF compared to NC causes of cavitary effusions. Dogs with L-CHF have CVC measurements intermediate between R-CHF and NC dogs.