Recent Development of Conductive Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: Review and Perspective.
Chen GaoShaoshuai SongYinjuan LvJie HuangZhijun ZhangPublished in: Macromolecular bioscience (2022)
In recent years, tissue engineering techniques have been rapidly developed and offer a new therapeutic approach to organ or tissue damage repair. However, most of tissue engineering scaffolds are nonconductive and cannot establish effective electrical coupling with tissue for the electroactive tissues. Electroconductive hydrogels (ECHs) have received increasing attention in tissue engineering owing to their electroconductivity, biocompatibility, and high water content. In vitro, ECHs can not only promote the communication of electrical signals between cells, but also mediate the adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of different kinds of cells. In vivo, ECHs can transmit the electric signal to electroactive tissues and activate bioelectrical signaling pathways to promote tissue repair. As a result, implanting ECHs into damaged tissues can effectively reconstruct physiological functions related to electrical conduction. In this review, an overview about the classifications and the fabrication methods of ECHs is first presented. And then, the applications of ECHs in tissue engineering, including cardiac, nerve, skin, and skeletal muscle tissue, are highlighted. At last, some rational guidelines for designing ECHs toward clinical applications are provided.
Keyphrases
- tissue engineering
- induced apoptosis
- skeletal muscle
- signaling pathway
- gene expression
- cell cycle arrest
- oxidative stress
- insulin resistance
- body composition
- metabolic syndrome
- working memory
- left ventricular
- type diabetes
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- magnetic resonance imaging
- atrial fibrillation
- cystic fibrosis
- staphylococcus aureus
- biofilm formation
- room temperature
- low cost