Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis and pneumonia in a HIV positive patient: A case report.
Hamed MehdinezhadSara GhadirParviz Amri MalehAilin AkhondzadehMana BaziborounPublished in: Clinical case reports (2024)
. After starting antiretroviral therapy (ART), he gradually developed a headache and decreased level of consciousness. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed 450 cells, predominantly lymphocytes, with protein of 343 mg/dL and glucose of 98 mg/dL (corresponding blood glucose 284 mg/dL). CSF India ink staining was positive for crypococcus spp. Liposomal amphotericin B in combination with fluconazole (due to the unavailability of flucytosin) was stated. He was intubated because of hypoxia and his bronchoalveolar lavage was positive for Cryptococcus spp. too. He died 2 weeks after starting antifungal therapy based on this study it should be mentioned that neurologic and respiratory symptoms may be the first presentation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Keyphrases
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv positive
- blood glucose
- cerebrospinal fluid
- hiv infected
- human immunodeficiency virus
- case report
- hiv infected patients
- hiv aids
- men who have sex with men
- candida albicans
- south africa
- glycemic control
- induced apoptosis
- blood pressure
- cell cycle arrest
- peripheral blood
- type diabetes
- cell death
- intensive care unit
- hepatitis c virus
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- sleep quality
- oxidative stress
- small molecule
- adipose tissue
- african american
- protein protein
- binding protein
- mechanical ventilation
- bone marrow
- community acquired pneumonia