Updates on LI-RADS Treatment Response Criteria for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Focusing on MRI.
Richa PatelAnum AslamNeehar D ParikhBenjamin MervakEman MubarakLily HigginsKayli LalaJack F ConnerValerie KhaykinMustafa BashirRichard Kinh Gian DoLauren M B BurkeElainea N SmithCharles Y KimKimberly L ShampainDawn OwenMishal Mendiratta-LalaPublished in: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI (2023)
As the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and subsequent treatments with liver-directed therapies rise, the complexity of assessing lesion response has also increased. The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (LI-RADS) treatment response algorithm (LI-RADS TRA) was created to standardize the assessment of response after locoregional therapy (LRT) on contrast-enhanced CT or MRI. Originally created based on expert opinion, these guidelines are currently undergoing revision based on emerging evidence. While many studies support the use of LR-TRA for evaluation of HCC response after thermal ablation and intra-arterial embolic therapy, data suggest a need for refinements to improve assessment after radiation therapy. In this manuscript, we review expected MR imaging findings after different forms of LRT, clarify how to apply the current LI-RADS TRA by type of LRT, explore emerging literature on LI-RADS TRA, and highlight future updates to the algorithm. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 3. TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
Keyphrases
- contrast enhanced
- magnetic resonance imaging
- diffusion weighted
- ion batteries
- magnetic resonance
- computed tomography
- diffusion weighted imaging
- radiation therapy
- machine learning
- solid state
- systematic review
- high resolution
- total knee arthroplasty
- dual energy
- big data
- clinical practice
- stem cells
- risk factors
- emergency department
- squamous cell carcinoma
- mesenchymal stem cells
- bone marrow
- total hip arthroplasty
- artificial intelligence
- case control