Pioglitazone-incorporated microspheres targeting macrophage polarization alleviates cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction.

We confirmed macrophage polarization by sustained release of PGZ, which resulted in amelioration of adverse left ventricular remodelling and cardiac dysfunction. Drug delivery system-based macrophage polarization might serve as a promising strategy in cardiac regenerative therapy for ischaemic heart disease. (241 words).