Intrathecal injection of bone marrow stromal cells attenuates neuropathic pain via inhibition of P2X4R in spinal cord microglia.

Altogether, our results suggest that i.t. BMSC is an effective and safe treatment of neuropathic pain and provides novel evidence that BMSC's analgesic effects are largely mediated by the release of BMSC-derived factors resulting in microglial P2X4R downregulation.