Influence of Haptoglobin Polymorphism on Stroke in Sickle Cell Disease Patients.
Olivia EdwardsAlicia BurrisJosh LuaDiana J WilkieMiriam O EzenwaSylvain DoréPublished in: Genes (2022)
This review outlines the current clinical research investigating how the haptoglobin (Hp) genetic polymorphism and stroke occurrence are implicated in sickle cell disease (SCD) pathophysiology. Hp is a blood serum glycoprotein responsible for binding and removing toxic free hemoglobin from the vasculature. The role of Hp in patients with SCD is critical in combating blood toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and even stroke. Ischemic stroke occurs when a blocked vessel decreases oxygen delivery in the blood to cerebral tissue and is commonly associated with SCD. Due to the malformed red blood cells of sickle hemoglobin S, blockage of blood flow is much more prevalent in patients with SCD. This review is the first to evaluate the role of the Hp polymorphism in the incidence of stroke in patients with SCD. Overall, the data compiled in this review suggest that further studies should be conducted to reveal and evaluate potential clinical advancements for gene therapy and Hp infusions.
Keyphrases
- sickle cell disease
- atrial fibrillation
- oxidative stress
- red blood cell
- blood flow
- gene therapy
- cerebral ischemia
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- genome wide
- risk assessment
- risk factors
- electronic health record
- prognostic factors
- machine learning
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- peritoneal dialysis
- dna methylation
- transcription factor
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- diabetic rats
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cerebral blood flow
- heat stress