The Predictive Utility of Valuing the Future for Smoking Cessation: Findings from the ITC 4 Country Surveys.
Ron BorlandMichael R Le GrandeBryan W HeckmanGeoffrey T FongWarren K BickelJeff S SteinKatherine A EastPeter A HallKenneth Michael CummingsPublished in: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Understanding the mechanisms of action of TP and DD can advance our understanding of, and ability to enhance, goal-directed behavioural change. TP appears to contribute to future intention formation, but not necessarily practical thought of how to achieve goals. DD is more likely an index of capacity to effectively generate competing future possibilities in response to immediate gratification.