The prevalence of breast implants in Swedish women is estimated to be around 4%. The population-based mammography screening programme in countries with a publicly funded welfare-type healthcare system and a clear documentation of mammography screening attendance, seems to be a feasible way to establish the prevalence of breast implants in the population. The large number of women with breast implants warrants further studies regarding the best diagnostic and treatment alternatives for this group. Pre-registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov identifier NCT05222100.