Exploring mitochondrial targeting: an innovative fluorescent probe reveals Nernstian potential and partitioning combination.

This study introduces a paradigm-shifting approach to optimize mitochondrial targeting. Employing a new fluorescent probe strategy, we unravel a combined influence of both Nernst potential ( Ψ ) and partitioning ( P ) contributions. Through the synthesis of new benz[ e ]indolinium-derived probes, our findings redefine the landscape of mitochondrial localization by optimizing the efficacy of mitochondrial probe retention in primary cortical neurons undergoing normoxia and oxygen-glucose deprivation. This methodology not only advances our understanding of subcellular dynamics, but also holds promise for transformative applications in biomedical research and therapeutic development.