Rhythm classification was the first application of AI-ECG. Subsequently, AI-ECG models have been developed for screening structural heart disease including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac amyloidosis, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Further, AI models can predict future events like development of systolic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. AI-ECG exhibits potential in acute cardiac events and non-cardiac applications, including acute pulmonary embolism, electrolyte abnormalities, monitoring drugs therapy, sleep apnea, and predicting all-cause mortality. Many AI models in the domain of cardiac monitors and smart watches have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for rhythm classification, while others for identification of cardiac amyloidosis, pulmonary hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction have received breakthrough device designation. As AI-ECG models continue to be developed, in addition to regulatory oversight and monetization challenges, thoughtful clinical implementation to streamline workflows, avoiding information overload and overwhelming of healthcare systems with false positive results is necessary. Research to demonstrate and validate improvement in healthcare efficiency and improved patient outcomes would be required before widespread adoption of any AI-ECG model.
Keyphrases
- left ventricular
- artificial intelligence
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- aortic stenosis
- machine learning
- heart failure
- deep learning
- pulmonary hypertension
- heart rate
- healthcare
- left atrial
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- big data
- atrial fibrillation
- pulmonary embolism
- acute myocardial infarction
- heart rate variability
- mitral valve
- aortic valve replacement
- sleep apnea
- transcatheter aortic valve implantation
- pulmonary artery
- primary care
- stem cells
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- transcription factor
- obstructive sleep apnea
- acute heart failure
- health insurance
- acute coronary syndrome
- multiple myeloma
- health information
- mesenchymal stem cells
- direct oral anticoagulants