Differentiation of a Contractile, Ureter-Like Tissue, from Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Ureteric Bud and Ex Fetu Mesenchyme.

Mouse embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into ureteric bud cells. Grafting those UB-like structures into peri-Wolffian mesenchyme of cultured kidney rudiments can induce production of urothelium and organize the mesenchyme to produce rhythmically contracting smooth muscle layers. This development may represent a significant step toward the goal of renal regeneration.