HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance in vertically infected children is associated with poor virological response to protease inhibitor (PI)-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART): results from a cohort study in Argentina.

HIV-1 baseline genotyping at diagnosis in vertically infected children is important for improved personalized medicine. While the mechanism is unclear, cases with PDR (particularly to NNRTIs) require closer monitoring of their first-line ART regimens in order to avoid early virological failures and prevent further accumulation of resistance.